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But just how can you create a system that has a decentralized ledger How do you give someone the ability to update the ledger without giving them too much powerin case they become corrupt or negligent in their work
Well, Bitcoins rulesalso known as the Bitcoin protocolsolves that in a Really creative manner I love to call Who Wants to Be a Banker
In a nutshell, anyone who wants to participate in updating the ledger of Bitcoin transactions, known as the blockchain, can do so. Whatever you need is to guess a random number that solves an equation generated by the computer system. Sounds simple, right
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Obviously, this guessing is done by your PC. The stronger your computer is, the further supposes you can create in one second, increasing your chances of winning this match. If you manage to figure right, you earn bitcoins and get to write the next page of Bitcoin transactions on the blockchain. .
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1. Once your mining computer comes up with the ideal guess, your mining system determines which of the current pending transactions will be grouped together into the next block of transactions. Compiling this cube represents your moment of glory, as youve now develop into a temporary banker of Bitcoin who has to update the Bitcoin transaction ledger known as the blockchain. .
2. The block youve generated, along with your solution, is sent to the whole network so other computers can affirm it. Its a bit much like a Rubiks cube: The solution is very tough to achieve but very easy to validate.
3. Every computer that validates your solution upgrades its copy of this Bitcoin transaction ledger with the transactions that you opted to include in the block.
4. The system generates a fixed amount of bitcoins (currently 12.5) and benefits them as compensation for the time and energy you spent solving the math problem.
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5. Additionally, you get paid any transaction fees that were attached to the transactions you inserted into the next block.
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6. All the transactions in the cube youve just entered are now confirmed from the Bitcoin network and are virtually irreversible.
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Therefore thats Bitcoin mining in a nutshell. Its called mining due to the fact that this process helps mine new Bitcoins from the system. But if you think about it, the mining part is just a by-product of the transaction confirmation process. So the name is a bit misleading, since the main goal of mining is to maintain the ledger in a decentralized manner. .
As you can imagine, since mining is based on a type of guessing, for each block, a different miner will guess the number and also be granted the right to update the blockchain. Obviously, the miners with more computing power will succeed more often, but on account of the regulation of statistical probability, its highly unlikely that the exact same miner will succeed each time. .
Now that you know what Bitcoin mining is, you might be thinking, Cool! Free money! Where do I sign up Well, not so fast
Satoshi Nakamoto, who invented Bitcoin, crafted the rules for mining in a way that the more mining power the network has, the harder it is to imagine the answer to the mining mathematics issue. Therefore the difficulty of the mining process is really self-adjusting into the gathered mining capability the network possesses. .
If more miners join, it is going to get more difficult to solve the issue; if many of them drop off, it will get easier. This can be known as mining issue.
Now, rememberthis is on average. We can have two cubes being added minute after minute and then wait an hour for the next block. In the long run, this may even out to ten minutes on average.
As you can imagine, this kind of self-adjusting mechanism has made a type of arms race to get the most efficient and strong miners as soon as possible.
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When Bitcoin first started out, there werent a lot of miners out there. In fact, Satoshi, the inventor of Bitcoin, and his friend Hal Finney were a few the only individuals mining Bitcoin back in the time with their own personal computers.
Using your CPU (central processing unityour computers brain and an integrated component in any computer) was enough for mining Bitcoin back in 2009, since mining difficulty was low. Since Bitcoin began to catch on, people looked for more powerful mining solutions.